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  HELPFUL TERMINOLOGY ON LAMPS
 
Voltage
The voltage of a circuit is the electrical pressure it gives, in an indandescent lamp voltage designated the supply voltage to which the lamp should be connected. In other lamps it may refer to operating voltage of a lighted arc discharge lamp.
  Wattage Unit used to measure power consumption of lamp.
  Candlepower A term used for the luminous intensity of a light source.
  Average Rated Life The statistical average of lamp under controlled laboratory conditions.
  Color Temperature Measured in Kelvins, it is the measure of color of light, not actual temperature.
  Light The term generally applied to the visible energy from a source, measured in lumens or candlepower.
  Light Centre Length (LCL) The distance from a reference point on the lamp base to the centre of the light source.
  Lumens The amount of light emitted by a bulb.
  Luminance or Brightness The light emitted, transmitted or reflected from a unit area of the source of surface.
  Halogen Halogen lamps, in addition to being gas filled have a gaseous halogen compound added to the gas fill. Its purpose is to
prevent any blackening of the bulb by returning evaporated tungsten back to the filament through a halogen cycle. The
higher molecular weight gas and higher fill pressure permits operation at higher temperatures than regular gas filled lamps. For the same life, halogen lamps have the highest efficiency.
  Vacuum The incandescent tungsten filament must be protected from exposure to the atmosphere, this achieved in a vacuum lamp
by processing the lamp so that a vacuum exists inside the
glass envelope.
  Gas Filled Gas filled lamps use an inert gas to protect the filament during operation. The use of fill gas reduces the net rate of tungsten evaporation by several orders of magnitude thus the filament
can be operated in higher temperatures making the lamps more efficient than vacuum lamps.
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